5GUrbanDensification 2020 1.pdf

FUTURE 5G DENSE URBAN DEPLOYMENTS

5G DENSIFICATION CHALLENGES IN LEGACY NETWORKS

Monolithic and hierarchical architecture is not densification friendly

• The legacy mobile networks were focused on single-tier deployment
• Mainly macro layers with occasional co-channel underlays
• 5G pushes the limit for smaller cell deployment to the extreme
• Combination of co-channel and different channel overlay/underlay in massive numbers
• Increase in channel and bandwidth sizes creates a multi-tier network deployments enhancing densification options

5G DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE

Basic Architecture

Basic Architecture

• 3GPP considered the split concept (DU and CU) for NR from the beginning
• Simplify multi-tier densification
• Single CU and multiple DUs at different frequency bands

5G ANSWERS TO DENSIFICATION CHALLENGES

A New Architectural Approach

• Inherent split gNB
• Already a distributed RAN architecture makes densification easier by centralizing (CU) control between different radios (DUs)
• Centralized control and multiple coordinated Tx/RX approach
• Wider and more distributed bands
• Limit co-channel deployments without losing efficiency

NEXT 20 YEARS CAPACITY GROWTH

Balances Shift

• Air interface technology enhancements
• Higher level modulations, advanced coding schemes, MIMO and all spatial and temporal multiplexing schemes almost reached their limits
• New spectrum allocation
• Not much available at low and mid bands ➔ utilizing m-MIMO techniques to utilize them more
• mmWave needs new network deployment paradigm
• New network deployment methodologies
• All the focus will be here for capacity increase in the near future

LAST 20 YEARS MOBILE NETWORK JOURNEY

Increasing System Capacity and User Throughput

• Air interface
• Advanced modulations and coding schemes ➔ from GMSK (2G) to 256 QAM (LTE-A)
• Spatial multiplexing ➔ MIMO and (e)CoMP

- Spectrum

• From 25 MHz at 900 MHz band to more than 400 MHz at 40 different bands
• Network deployment techniques
• Aggressive frequency reuse and cell splitting

DENSIFICATION CHALLENGES

Simple in Theory, More Difficult Practically

• Densification concept for mobile network ➔ main pillar of cellular technology There is a practical limit to it
• Cost and ROI challenges
• Legacy network solutions were not suitable for aggressive densification
• Maintain QoS with legacy solutions for legacy services was not possible
• Maintain acceptable call drop rate with 100 meter cell radius!

HETEROGENEOUS NETWORK DEPLOYMENT

5G will rely heavily on "HetNet" deployment for densification

SPATIAL DENSIFICATION

Heterogeneous Networks Utilizing Same Frequency Band

• High power macro base stations as umbrella cell for providing "coverage"
• Low power cells for providing capacity utilizing same frequency band

VERTICAL DENSIFICATION

Heterogeneous Networks Utilizing Different Frequency Band

• High power macro base stations as umbrella cell for providing "coverage"
• Low power cells for providing capacity in different bands

5G MAKES DENSIFICATION MORE PRACTICAL

5G architecture can scale for aggressive densification

• Densification concept for mobile network ➔ main pillar of cellular technology
• There is a practical limit to it
• 5G DU/RRUs can reduce the cost dramatically
• Cost and ROI challenges
• Distributes gNB (CU/DU) provides more central coordination
• Maintaining QoS with legacy solutions
• Multi-band/multi-tier deployment in conjunction with overlay/underlay will guarantee QoS for legacy services was not possible
• Maintain acceptable call drop rate with 100 meter cell radius!

5G COMP (COOPERATIVE MIMO)

CoMP different flavors

Joint Transmission (JT)

• Coordinated Scheduling/Beamforming
• Dynamic Point Selection

MASSIVE MIMO

Utilizing Low/Mid Spectrum Even More

Utilizing Low/Mid Spectrum Even More

• Base station antennas with hundreds of elements
• An order of magnitude extra antennas compare to legacy systems
• Special multiplexing across the coverage area
• Large number of UEs utilize same time/frequency resources through special multiplexing

5G RAN DENSIFICATION

Number of e/gNBs Will Grow Dramatically

• Increase in number of RAN nodes are in different scale compare to previous generations
• Legacy approach to "own RAN" needs to change
• Not practical deploying hundreds of e/gNBs per square miles
• Neutral hosts can be a viable solutions
• Third party companies; e.g. tower companies, real estate owners, can fill the gap

PARALLEL WIRELESS APPROACH

OpenRAN Gateway

• Fully virtualized, standard compliant and cloud native ready
• 3GPP standard-compliant solution across different generations
• Scalable solution
• Co-located of all different functions at the same HNG instance
• Analytics, SON and Orchestration

PARALLEL WIRELESS APPROACH TOWARD DENSIFICATION

OpenRAN Gateway

• Parallel Wireless OpenRAN Controller is positioned perfectly to address 5G densification challenges
• Utilizing our Analytics tool, it can coordinate the network accordingly and reducing interference
• Balancing the traffic across technologies

Parallel Wireless

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