5G NR Logical Architecture and its Functional Splits • Parallel Wireless
5G NR Logical Architecture and its Functional Splits
Introduction
The 5G New Radio (NR) architecture represents a significant advancement in mobile networks. This document explores its logical architecture and various functional splits available in the technology framework. Understanding these splits helps in effective deployment and optimization of 5G networks.
5G NR Logical Architecture
The logical architecture of 5G NR is designed to support a diverse range of use cases and applications. The architecture includes the following components:
- User Equipment (UE): The devices that connect to the 5G network.
- gNodeB (gNB): The next generation base station that connects user equipment to the network.
- Next Generation Core (NGC): Manages network functionalities including connection, session, and mobility management.
Functional Splits
The function splits define how the functions within the gNB can be separated between the gNB and the Next Generation Core. Here are the main functional splits:
1. Split Option 1
- Full gNB functions reside at the radio unit which allows low latency communications.
2. Split Option 2
- Functions are split between the Distributed Unit (DU) and the Centralized Unit (CU). This option provides a balance between low latency and resource efficiency.
3. Split Option 3
- Utilizes a more centralized approach where almost all functionalities are handled at the CU, minimizing the resource requirements at the remote sites.
Conclusion
Understanding the logical architecture and functional splits is crucial for operators aiming to deploy 5G technology effectively. This framework allows network operators to cater to various user demands and implement solutions that ensure high performance and reliability.
References
Acknowledgments
Special thanks to the Parallel Wireless team for their contributions to this document.